
Tony Silva
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Yue Chen
|

Ashley Velázquez
|

Kai Yang
|
[NOTE: This article has not been copyedited due to its length.]
Introduction
Even in a relatively small field like second language writing
(L2W), keeping up with the current literature can be difficult. Since
2010, the number of publications on second language writing has exceeded
200 per year, and 2015 was no exception. To address this situation, we
provide an overview of scholarship on second language writing published
in 2015.
Data for this paper come from a search of databases including
Educational Information Resources Center (ERIC), Linguistics and
Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA), ProQuest Dissertations and Theses
(PQDT), and Worldcat (an online database that provides access to the
collections of 71,000 libraries in 112 countries), as well as a perusal
of more than 50 journals that, to a greater or lesser extent, typically
publish articles on second language writing. The types of publications
that we will address primarily include journal articles, authored and
edited books, book chapters, and dissertations.
The Studies
Instruction
Instruction has always drawn a great deal of attention in the
field of L2W, and it was the most frequently researched topic in second
language writing in 2015. There were a total of 95 studies focusing on
instruction in 2015, which we further divided into four sub-categories:
pedagogical approaches, feedback, computer-assisted teaching, and
genre-based instruction.
Pedagogical approaches. The first
subcategory in instruction, pedagogical approaches, was the topic of 31
articles, including discussions on process approaches, task-based
instruction, reading to write, collaborative writing, concept-based
instruction, and focused instruction on language issues.
Process approaches refer to teaching philosophies in which
writing instruction should focus on not only the final product, but also
on the composing process. From the articles on process approaches,
three major themes were identified. The first was teaching writing
processes (Abdallah; Al-Jumaily; Lincoln & Idris; Zhou).
Abdallah’s book aimed to introduce the essay writing process to Egyptian
student teachers, while Zhou’s empirical study evaluated the influence
of the process approach on non-English majors in China. Lincoln
& Idris further compared the teaching of writing processes to
first and second language writers and suggested differentiating feedback
to both groups. Al-Jumaily introduced the process approach in an
intensive course for English as a Second Language (ESL) learners with
the help of a word processing program.
The second group of publications on process approaches looked
at specific stages in writing, such as instructor modelling (Wette),
scaffolding (Faraj), students’ pre-writing (Fei; Fraser; Nguyen), and
the portfolio compiling process (Lam(a)). The last topic explored was
writing strategies, including three articles (de Silva; de Silva
& Graham; O’Brien) that emphasized the importance of teaching
writing strategies to students. All three articles were on writing
strategies in an English for academic purposes (EAP) context.
The second most researched pedagogical approach was task-based
instruction, with six publications. Task-based instruction emphasizes
the use of authentic language and meaningful real-life tasks in teaching
students to write in English. Both task characteristics and specific
tasks are discussed in this category. Biria & Karimi examined
the pre-task planning of Iranian learners and found that such planning
improved the fluency of students’ writing. Various influential factors
in task-based approaches were identified, including task conditions
(McDonough & Fuentes), writing prompts (He & Sun), and
task complexity (Adams, Nik Mohd Alwi, & Newton). This category
of publications also addressed specific tasks that can be used in
writing instruction, such as oral history projects (Lavin, Petree,
& Herrington; Sun).
The third most addressed pedagogical approach was reading to
write. Articles on this topic explore the relationship between reading
and writing instruction, and they suggest that students’ writing
performance could be improved through integrated reading and writing
instruction. The use of reading in writing instruction was the focus of
five articles: three in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) settings
(Buechel; Cho & Brutt-Griffler; Mermelstein) and two in ESL
settings (Heeney; Ye). Buechel examined young learners’ writing
performance in Swiss elementary schools, and Mermelstein’s study
demonstrated that a one-year enhanced extensive reading course could
help improve learners’ writing abilities significantly. Cho &
Brutt-Griffler investigated how integrated reading and writing
instruction impacted the reading comprehension and summary-writing
abilities of Korean middle school students. Heeney, in her dissertation,
presented a case study of reading-to-write strategy instruction in a
Canadian university’s English for Academic Purposes writing course. Ye’s
book provided an exploration of second language reading and writing in
the college writing environment.
Collaboration can be an effective pedagogical method for second
language writers, as it provides extra support from both instructors
and other learners for their writing process. The fourth most
represented pedagogical approach was collaborative writing, with two
publications addressing it. One of the articles was about collaboration
tools (Mirzaei & Eslami), and the other presented a specific
writing workshop (Xu, T.). Topics taken up by similar numbers of
publications were concept-based instruction (Fogal; Gene-Gil,
Juan-Garau, & Salazar-Noguera) and focused instruction on
language topics (AlHassan & Wood; Jing) with two publications on
each.
Three other approaches were represented by one publication
each. Leis, Tohei, & Cooke looked at the effects of flipped
classrooms on English composition writing in an EFL environment, and
Nguyen examined the effectiveness of a timed writing technique whereby
students regularly wrote as much as they could in seven minutes three
times a week for a period of ten weeks. Additionally, Hinkel published a
book on curriculum design in L2W.
Feedback. The second most popular subtopic
in the category of instruction was feedback, an essential part of
learning and instruction, upon which 27 studies focused. Both teacher
feedback and peer feedback were discussed in the publications, and three
major themes were identified under this topic. The first one addressed
students’ view of feedback (Best, Jones-Katz, Stolzenburg, &
Williamson; Huang, W.). Best, Jones-Katz, Smolarek, Stolzenburg, and
Williamson investigated how students in their program's advanced writing
course viewed, responded to, and made meaning from the feedback they
received. Other scholars (Capraro; Ho; Huffman; Kim, S.H.; Lee; Rowan;
Wang, W) also examined various aspects of peer feedback.
In addition to understanding feedback from students’
perspectives, publications in this category also addressed teachers’
practices and beliefs in providing feedback. Two publications focused
specifically on the use of models in providing teacher feedback (Canovas
Guirao, Roca de Larios, & Coyle; Chang). In addition to
modeling, several other feedback strategies were also present in the
literature (Saeed; Shvidko(a); Shvidko(b); Unlu &
Wharton).
Apart from the examination of feedback in general, a particular
type of feedback, written corrective feedback, received significant
attention in 2015. Eleven articles directly explored this type of
feedback with topics including effects of WCF (Diab; Hartshorn &
Evans(a); Kang & Han; Perez-Nunez), learner engagement in WCF
(Han & Hyland), the comparison between direct and indirect WCF
(Frear & Chiu), instructors’ strategies for providing WCF
(Cunningham; Goins), and research directions for future WCF studies
(Bitchener & Knoch; Ferris(b); Shao).
Computer-assisted instruction. Another
subtopic within the category of instruction, which was also addressed by
a considerable number of scholars, was computer-assisted instruction,
with 16 publications. Two major issues were discussed: the evaluation of
computer-assisted teaching (Abdallah & Mansour; Kibler;
Lavolette, Polio, & Kahng; Leis, Cooke, & Tohei; Lin;
Shafiee, Koosha, & Afghari; Tsai; Wu, Petit, & Chen) and
the introduction of various technologies. Among the publications on
specific technologies, articles on corpus-based studies (Chen, Huang,
Chang, & Liou; Luo & Liao; Nurmukhamedov; Quinn)
outnumbered publications on other technologies. Other technologies
investigated included the use of Wikipedia (King), Google Drive
(Slavkov), Blogging (Wu), and films (Murphy) in writing
classrooms.
Genre-based approaches. The last category
under the topic of instruction was research on genre-based approaches.
In two articles on raising students’ genre awareness, Kawamitsu
introduced a genre-specific approach to elementary and intermediate
writing in Japanese-as-a-foreign-language, and Linares Cálix explored
genre-based learning in Spanish speakers studying Teaching English as a
Foreign Language (TEFL) in Honduras. The instruction of various genres
was also discussed in the literature, including creative writing
(Arshavskaya; Dai; Lim), narrative writing (Fraser), argumentative
essays (Smirnova), descriptive essays (Carter), academic writing (Liu;
Tribble), and song writing (Cullen).
Text
The topic of this section is second language written texts.
There were 43 publications, including journal articles, unpublished
dissertations, and monographs, that focused on this topic. The major
categories include argumentation, complexity, lexical issues, bilingual
and translingual features, error analysis, writer’s voice, and other
textual features.
Argumentation. The first category,
argumentation was addressed in six publications. Researchers
investigated argument structures (Liu & Furneaux), the use of
clausal embedding in argumentative texts (Maxwell-Reid),
argument-counterargument structure (Rusfandi), the quality of argument
(Stapleton & Wu), and the representation of stance in EFL
learner’s argumentative writing (Maclntyre; Jiang).
Complexity. Complexity was the focus of
eight journal articles. The major subcategories include syntactic
complexity (Ortega; Lu & Ai; Vyatkina, Hirschmann, &
Golcher), syntactic and lexical complexity (Mazgutova & Kormos),
linguistic complexity and discourse-semantic function
(Ryshina-Pankova), epistemic complexity (Wilcox, Yu, &
Nachowitz), and the relationship between task/topic complexity and
writing complexity (Yang, Lu, & Weigle; Frear &
Bitchener).
Lexical issues. Lexical use in L2 written
texts is another category that received scholarly attention. The
publications in this category include studies on the comparisons of
lexical features in EAP students’ writing (Lavallée &
McDonough), discourse connectives in L1 and L2 writing (Hu &
Li), specifications in the use of modifiers (Wei), deictic expressions
in EFL Saudi students’ writing (Hamdan), and the use of demonstratives
in Chinese EFL students’ writing (Zhang, J.). In addition, this category
includes an edited book on lexical issues in L2 written texts in
general (Doro, Pipalova, & Pietila).
Bilingual and translingual features. In the
seven publications in this category, researchers mainly examined the
textual features of bilingual literature (Wong; Waite; Őri),
translingual sensibility in texts (Kellman & Stavans), memoir
and auto-fiction of translingual writers (Wanner), code-switching
(Derrick), and textual presentation of L1 transfer (He & Niao).
Error analysis. As an effective tool, error
analysis is frequently used by L2 writing scholars and practitioners to
improve L2 writers’ writing accuracy. Researchers analyzed errors in L2
written texts from varied perspectives: sources of error in the writing
of Thai university students (Phuket & Othman), errors in
disciplinary (medical sciences and chemistry) writing (Conway-Klaassen,
Thompson, Eliason, Collins, Murie, & Spannaus-Martin; Katiya,
Mtonjeni, & Sefalane-Nkohla), errors made by Arab EFL learners
(Murad & Khalil), and the impact of text genre on error
(Moqimipour & Shahrokhi).
Writer’s voice. In this category, three
journal articles reported on research on writer’s voice in L2 written
texts. Hafner investigated writer’s voice in digital multimodal
composition; Hanauer explored how to measure voice in poetry written by
L2 learners, and Que & Li looked at the voices of Post-80s
Chinese students in their English written texts.
Other textual features. Other textual
features is the last category on this topic, including publications that
do not fit into any of the aforementioned categories. The textual
features examined include grammatical resources in L2 students writing
(de Oliveira), Hong Kong students’ use of genre (Maxwell-Reid &
Coniam), ecological analysis of the written texts (Poole), South Korean
students’ use of formulaic language (Schenck & Choi), Pakistani
students’ use of meta-discourse (Asghar), measuring fluency in writing
(Van Waes & Leijten), and linguistic features of impromptu test
essays in general (Lichon; Weigle & Friginal).
Context
Context is another major topic of publications in 2015. The
term context is used in a broad sense in this section
to include institutional, educational, and cultural settings where L2
writing and instruction take place, venues where studies in L2 writing
can be published, and theoretical contexts, mainly created by synthesis
studies, where previous research was reviewed. Within this area, there
are 45 publications, including journal articles, monographs, unpublished
dissertations, and newsletter articles. The four major categories for
this topic are theoretical context, publication context, institutional
context, and cross-cultural context.
Theoretical context. Theoretical context is
the largest category, with 20 publications. This category was further
divided into four subcategories, namely critical reviews, theoretical
re-examinations, disciplinary dialogues, and conference reports. The
critical reviews included seven publications that provided theoretical
and/or methodological reviews of cognitive task complexity (Tabari
& Ivey), processes of writing (Valfredini(b)), writing
complexity (Vyatkina), written corrective feedback (Wang &
Jiang), EAP writing (Xu), theoretical and conceptual development in L2
writing (Maliborska), and translingual literature (Kellman &
Lvovich).
The second subcategory under theoretical context is theoretical
re-examination, which is the focus of three journal articles. Griffo
argued for recontextualizing composition studies to respond to
multilingual practices. Razumova re-examined cultural and linguistic
belonging with regard to translingualism in contemporary literature.
Finally, Nishino and Atkinson examined L2 writing as a sociocognitive
process.
Disciplinary dialogue is another subcategory under theoretical
context. Among the seven articles in this subcategory, six of them were
from a disciplinary dialogue on plagiarism published by Journal of Second Language Writing. Researchers
(Flowerdew; Hu; Petrić; Taylor; Weber-Wulff) responded to Diane
Pecorari’s article “Plagiarism in second language writing: Is it time to
close the case?” Another publication was an open letter from L2 writing
researchers to writing studies editors and organization leaders aiming
to clarify the relationship between L2 writing and translingual writing
(Atkinson, Crusan, Matsuda, Ortmeier-Hooper, Ruecker, Simpson, &
Tardy).
The last subcategory, conference reports, includes two articles
and one newsletter report, as well as information about two
conferences, namely the 2014 Symposium on Second Language Writing at
Arizona State University (O’Meara & Snyder; O’Meara, Snyder,
& Matsuda) and the 7th International
Conference on English Language Teaching at Nanjing University, China
(Zhang, Yan, & Liu).
Publication context. The second category,
publication context, consisted of two articles. The articles, authored
by Hartshorn & Evans (b) and Ferris (a), were both about the
newly established Journal of Response to Writing. The
authors justified the need for and shared stories about the
establishment of the new journal.
Institutional context. The third category,
institutional context, was the subject of 11 publications. These
publications investigated institutional issues in second language
writing teaching and research, including L2 writing graduate studies
(McIntosh, Pelaez-Morales, & Silva), ESL writers’ challenges and
institutional support (Evans, Anderson, & Eggington), program
and curriculum evaluation (Bruce & Hamp-Lyons; Al-Hammadi
& Sidek), content teachers’ perception of students’ ability to
communicate using English (Annous & Nicolas), writing centers
and tutor training (Reichelt; Rafoth; Severino & Prim; Wang
& Machado), secondary school practices in meeting Common Core
State Standards (Olson, Scarcella, & Matuchniak), and effective
instructional strategies for L2 writers in elementary schools (Cole
& Feng).
Cross-cultural context. The final category
is cross-cultural context, which includes 12 publications. The
cross-cultural contexts examined included bilingual creative writing in
EFL contexts (Sui; Bokamba), intercultural study of writing
(instruction) in EFL contexts (Kim, H.; Vahidnia & Fatemi;
Szanajda & Chang), multilingual classrooms (Matsumoto; Roberge,
Losey, & Wald), cross-cultural exchange programs (Johnson),
teaching writing in the global context (Webb; Butler), and
cross-cultural tutoring environments (Eastlund; Kim, E.J.).
Readers
The fourth category, with a total number of twelve
publications, focused on readers. Here we defined “reader” as focusing
on the instructor or another reader of an L2 text. Out of the twelve
publications in this category, three sub-categories emerged: teacher
development, teacher beliefs, and teacher practices.
Teacher development. This subcategory had
two publications emphasizing the role of teacher training, experience,
and development in specific L2 writing contexts. Gerard, an ESL
specialist, focused on the use of partnerships in improving ESL training
at the university in which groups of TESOL students were paired with
ELL students for a mutual learning experience, whereas Adjei focused on
the use of subordination at a teachers’ College in Ghana.
Teacher beliefs. The two publications in
this category addressed differences between teacher practices and
teacher beliefs pertaining to novice teachers’ written feedback
(Junquera & Payant) and disparities between theory and practice
(Salteh & Sadeghi).
Teacher practices. Eight articles focused on
teacher variation in the second language writing classroom. Davis
& Morely reported on a study that explored the boundaries of
acceptability for phrasal re-use. The remaining seven publications
looked at book clubs as professional development for L2W instructors
(Andrei, Ellerbe, & Cherner), cross-cultural curricular
development using a process writing approach in Bhutan (Zangmo, Burke,
O’Toole, & Sharp), computational feasibility in ESL instruction
(Xue), teacher education and cognition in developing a conceptual
understanding of parallelism (Worden), think-aloud protocols in revision
and editing (Willey & Tanimoto), EFL instructors’ feedback
practices in China (Wang, Z.), and EFL writing instructor cognition
(Kim, J.Y).
Assessment
The fifth category, assessment, included a total of twenty-five
publications representing six major sub-categories. These
sub-categories included variables that influenced test performance and
test results (seven publications), automated writing evaluation (AWE)
(four publications), assessment for learning (AfL) (one publication),
rating processes (six publications), feedback (five publications), and
context (two publications).
Variables influencing test performance and test
results. The seven publications in this area, broadly
speaking, addressed analytic rubric development and reading-to-write
tasks (Shin & Ewert), washback, plagiarism, and outside
assistance in pre-sessional writing assessments (Westbrook &
Holt), generalizability theory and the effects of genre on writing
scores (Bouwer, Béguin, Sanders, & van den Bergh),
predictability of EFL writing and Coh-Metrix (Aryadoust & Liu),
self-assessment in EFL writing (Belachew, Getinet, & Gashaye),
Chinese test-takers’ perceptions of rater impressions (Xie), and test
and non-test processes and products (Khuder &
Harword).
Automated writing evaluation (AWE). This category included four publications addressing AWE and formative feedback on causal discourse (Sarcicaoglu),
the validity of AWE in diagnostic writing (Chapelle, Cotos, &
Lee), the development and validation of AWE (Link), and AWE and feedback
(Li, Link, & Hegelheimer).
Assessment for learning (AfL). The single publication here, authored by Huang, S. investigated the effects of goal setting for revision in the
EFL writing classroom, suggesting that goal setting was potentially
beneficial for learning in an AfL-oriented classroom but only when
instruction and practice were repeated and scaffolds were concurrently
provided.
Rating processes. In the fourth
sub-category, rating processes, six publications addressed a wide range
of considerations when investigating raters’ processing experiences,
such as comparisons between holistic and analytic rating processes in
China (Li & He), rubric construction (Janssen, Meier, &
Trace), inter-rater reliability and rubrics (Winke & Lim),
rating scale design, corpora, and validity (Banerjee, Yan, Chapman,
& Elliot), rubric development for reading-into-writing (Chan,
Inoue, & Taylor), and instructor perspectives and challenges
when designing a data-driven rating scale for reading-to-write tasks
(Ewert & Shin).
Feedback. The five publications in this
category addressed the following areas: formative peer-assessment in EFL
writing (Kuo), portfolio assessment and feedback on self-regulation
(Lam(b)), the effect of cognitive diagnostic feedback (CDF) on secondary
ESL students’ writing development (Wagner), corrective feedback and its
effectiveness in L2 writing (Liu & Brown), and feedback
comments for rating scale development in EAP (Jeffrey).
Context. In the sixth sub-category,
context, two publications were identified. These spoke to concerns about
assessment of academic writing in a pre-sessional EAP course (Seviour)
and on designing an EFL writing proficiency assessment program at the
postsecondary level (Bernhardt, Molitoris, Romeo, Lin, &
Valderrama).
Writer
For our purposes, writer is defined as an L2 or multilingual
writer using English as their second (possibly third or fourth)
language. We focus on how they use and function in English for various
purposes. This category includes a total of 56 publications divided
into eight sub-categories: L2 writer population (four),
multilingualism/bilingualism (nine), translingual writing (five),
research publication practices (one), subprocesses, variables that
affect composing, feedback, and context.
L2 writer population. The four publications
in this category address the following topics: transitional Korean
adolescents’ literacy practices (Pyo), negotiated identities of
second-generation Vietnamese heritage speakers (Do), challenges faced by
Arab students in writing (Rass), and ESL nonresident undergraduate
students’ writing performance (Vaughn, Bergman, & Fass-Holmes).
There were nine publications about multilingualism, four of
which focused on bilingualism. These articles included the following
topics: multilingual students’ perceptions of their academic writing
(Morton, Storch, & Thompson), the worlds and literacies of
emergent bilingual students in a French-English curriculum (Morphis),
the legacy of Eugene Joals as a multilingual poet (Kelbert), a
neurolinguistic approach to Samuel Beckett’s bilingual writings (Kager),
cognitive writing processes of bilingual users of Facebook (Riley), EFL
writers’ written language use and polylanguaging (Ritzau),
undergraduate students’ mediational tools when writing across languages
(Valfredini(a)), voice construction through a dialogical pedagogy
(Canagarajah), and the biliterate writing development of emerging
bilingual students (Cano-Rodriguez).
Translingual writing. In the newest
category in this section, including a total of five publications, the
following topics were addressed: multimodality, translingualism, and
rhetorical genre studies (Gonzales); ideological and emotional
perspectives of Hebrew translingual writing (Tannenbaum); minority
voices of translingual writers (Besemeres); literary translingualism and
creativity (Kellman & Lvovich); and the materialist rhetorical
lens, daily language, and translingualism (Jordan).
The single publication in the research publication practices
category introduces a Romanian perspective on learning publication
practices (Bardi). Bardi explored the range of factors that motivate
Romanian researchers to publish in high-profile English-medium journals,
the main linguistic and non-linguistic hurdles they have experienced,
and the strategies they have developed with respect to managing the
publication process and improving their ability to communicate research
in English.
Writing subprocesses. The seven publications
in this category emphasized the following: collaborative pre-writing
discussion and L2 writing (Neumann & McDonough), EFL students’
understanding of genre awareness and meaning-making choices in summary
writing (Yasuda), ESL students learning to write a synthesis paper (Zhao
& Hirvela), writing processes of second language creative
writers (Zhao), Malaysian vocabulary knowledge and summary writing
practices (Ashrafzadeh & Nimehchisalem), EFL students’ blogging
processes and experiences (Chen), and negotiation of written discourse
conventions in EFL (Guthrie).
Variables that affected composing. As the
largest writer sub-category, the 17 publications addressed a wide range
of topics including: writing anxiety among Iranian students (Olanezhad),
writing self-efficacy and writing performance among Malaysian students
(Jalaluddin, Paramasivam, Husain, & Bakar), collaborative
writing activities and writing proficiency among French learners
(Bissoonauth-Bedford & Stace), EFL students’ self-regulation and
process-oriented writing (Lam(c)), the causes of L2 learners’
self-efficacy and anxiety in writing (Kirmizi & Kirmizi), L2/FL
writing for language learning via task complexity (Ruiz-Funes), the
effect of alignment on L2 written production (Wang & Wang),
first generation immigrant college students in mainstream composition
(Yu), causes of L2 writing apprehension in Egyptian students (Abdel
Latif), the role of gender in the emotional content of EFL written
narratives (Ahmadi-Azad), student perspectives on writing apprehension
(Al-Shboul & Huwari), collaborative inquiry as a form of
graduate mentoring (Bommarito), the writing processes (fluency, errors,
and revision) of L1 and FL writers (Breuer), corpus-based textual
analysis of authorial presence markers in argumentative essays of
Turkish and American students (Candarli, Bayyurt, & Marti), ESL
students’ writing proficiency over three years (Knoch, Roushad, Oon
& Storch), ethnographically informed study of graduate students’
negotiation of prior academic writing (Kaufhold), and student motives
for participating in group peer-feedback in EFL writing (Yu &
Lee).
Feedback. The five articles in this
subcategory focused on the following topics: student perceptions of
online feedback (Strobl), L2 learners’ interpretation and understanding
of WCF (Simard, Guénette, & Bergeron), correlations between
language analytical ability and the effects of written feedback
(Shintani & Ellis), student differences in L2 learners’
retention of WCF (Rahimi), and EFL Arab learners’ peer-revision of
writing on Facebook (Razak & Saeed).
Context. This subcategory accounted for nine
publications, looking at the various places and spaces for second
language writing: L2 writing of health professionals (Alexander),
adolescent ELLs’ stance toward disciplinary writing (Wilcox &
Jeffery), writing anxiety in Chinese EFL learners’ (Liu & Ni),
college English writing in China (Ren & Wang), argumentative
text construction by Japanese EFL writers (Rinnert, Kobayashi, &
Katayama), international graduate students’ academic writing practices
in Malaysia (Singh), the academic writing of international students
(Maringe & Jenkins), written strategies in argumentative writing
of Slovenian speakers learning German (Mlakar Gracner), and writing in
English in China (Zhang).
Conclusion
We hope that providing an overview of the research conducted in
the field of second language writing in 2015 will enable educators and
scholars to remain informed about the current trends influencing the
writing practices of instructors and students. As we see an increase in
publications addressing a myriad of concerns in instruction, assessment,
philosophies, theoretical frameworks, and research practices, we are
aware of the expansion and inclusiveness of L2W as robust field of
inquiry.
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Tony
Silva is a Professor of English and the
Director of the Graduate Program in Second Language Studies at Purdue
University. His academic interests include all facets of second language
writing.
Yue Chen is a
PhD candidate in Second Language Studies/ESL at Purdue University. Her
research focuses on the development of second language writing in China,
second language pedagogies, and writing program
administration.
Ashley Velázquez
is a doctoral student at Purdue University. Her areas of research
interest include digital technology and collaboration in L2W classrooms
and the racialized identities of L2W instructors.
Kai Yang is a
PhD student in the Second Language Studies Program at Purdue University,
where he also teaches first-year composition. His research interests
include the writing processes of L2 learners, L2 writing instruction,
and second language pedagogies. |